Dyeing is the process of adding dyes or pigments to textile and garment materials such as fibers, yarns, and textiles to get the desired color and colorfastness. Dying often entails immersing the object to be colored in a solution containing different chemicals and dyes.
Temperature and time have a considerable role in the absorption, diffusion, or bonding of dye molecules to fibers. Depending on the color employed, the strength of the binding between the dye molecule and the fiber may vary. Printing, as opposed to dyeing, imparts color in preset patterns to a specific region. It is applied to the whole piece of material during the dying process.
Throughout history, the bulk of dyestuffs has derived from natural sources such as animals or plants. However, starting in the mid-nineteenth century, individuals devised artificial dyes to obtain a greater spectrum of colors and to make the dyes more resistant to washing and everyday usage. Several kinds of dyes are used in the textile industry for various types of fiber and at different stages, from raw materials like fiber and yarn to finished products like fabric and clothing.
Basic dyes are used to color acrylic fibers, acid dyes are used to color nylon and protein fibers such as wool and silk, and dispersion dyes are used to color polyester yarn. Cotton may be colored using both traditional vat dyes and contemporary synthetic reactive and direct dyes.
MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF DYE CAN BE FOUND IN THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES:
Dye that reacts:
Reactive dye is widely used in the textile and garment sectors. It’s an organic material with a distinctive color. The chromophore in reactive dye contains a reactive substituent that interacts directly with the fiber substrate. Chemical connections are formed between the cloth and the dye. It is very strong and long-lasting. Cotton, linen, viscose, wool, and silk are all reactive fibers that are often colored.
The Colors Are Scattered
Disperse dye is also widely used in the textile and garment industries. The initial function of scatter dye was to color cellulose acetate and other non-water soluble materials. In addition to nylon, it is often used to color cellulose acetate, polyester, and acrylic fiber. This kind of dyeing is often done at high temperatures and under high pressure in the dye bath. It is very strong and long-lasting.
Direct Dye
In the garment and textile industries, direct dye is often used on cotton fiber or cotton fabric. It is also commonly used in the industry as a dye. This dye was often used in conjunction with acid dyes and general-purpose dyes. Because this dye does not generate a bright color on cotton, it may be used in combination with others to provide a more subtle effect. This dye has poor wash fastness but excellent lightfastness. Therapy may boost its speed.
A primary colorant
A basic dye is the most common kind of synthetic dye. Nature is true aniline dye when it comes to bases. Initially, the pigments in their composition are insoluble in water. The base might be processed into salt to manufacture them. A considerable majority of basic colors are made up of cationic, or positively charged compounds. Mordants are formed when it interacts with the acidic groups in the fiber. Acrylic fibers improve both speed and brightness.
Acidic coloring agent
The kind of cloth determines whether or not acid dye is used on protein fibers. Wool, silk, and nylon may all be acid-colored. It smells strongly like caustic soda. The acids employed to create these colors, however, are not caustic and are thus safe for human ingestion. In the dyeing procedure, vinegar and other weak acids are occasionally used. The fabric and its fastness qualities are inextricably linked.
Sulfur gives it a yellowish color.
Sulfur dye is primarily utilized in the production of cellulose fibers. It may be used to color both skeins and staple fibers. This pigment is made up of glossy granules with a black tint that is tinged with red or green. It is acquainted with cotton, viscose, and rayon. It is very resistant to fading when exposed to light.
The Vat Dyeing Method
Vat dye is primarily used in the textile and garment industries. The basic base for vat dye is vegetable indigo. This specific dye has been around for quite some time. Indigo colors may now be created via synthetic processes. Cotton and wool may be washed in a vat dye. Tie-dyeing is a kind of direct dyeing that is the inverse of vat dyeing.
Azoic dye is a kind of dye that is used to color fabrics.
Azoic dye is also known as naphthol dye in certain circles. This AZO is part of a broader group known simply as the AZO group. These clusters are made up of nitrogen atoms and other elements. Its building components are atomic rings. The three most popular AZO dye colors are red, brown, and yellow.
The ink that disappears when exposed to oxygen
In the textile business, a chemical oxidation dye derived from aromatic chemicals is utilized. The majority of oxidation dyes are colorless and have a low molecular weight. It was once widely used as a coloring agent. There’s also a hair coloring base there. Dye oxidation technologies have advanced to the point where permanent and semipermanent choices are now available. Chemically, we use diamine, aminophenols, and phenols.
Fluorescent or optical dye that may be injected
For Fabrics, optical dye is the more visible alternative. This is due to the textile industry’s high need for optical brighteners for both fibers and yarns. The capacity to absorb photons in the ultraviolet and violet areas of the electromagnetic spectrum. Blues, which were once utilized for the same purpose, have been mainly superseded by optical brighteners.
The Dyeing Solvent
Solvent dyes are colors that can dissolve in organic solvents. It is often used as a solvent in a solution. The AZO dye is used in a variety of solvent dyes. Fuel dye is a popular use for solvent dye.
